linked to a specific gene mutation. The cancer can occur in one or both eyes.
Examination for this condition includes an ophthalmic examination, ultrasound of the eyes, CT or MRI of the orbits, and examination of the cerebro- spinal fluid, and possibly bone marrow examination. Treatment of retinoblastoma includes laser surgery, cryotherapy, radiation therapy and chemotherapy.
Signs and Symptoms of Retinoblastoma
- Leukocoria complaints and symptoms are most often found.
- Early sign of retinoblastoma is crossed eyes, red eyes or the presence of abnormal iris color.
- Tumors with moderate size will give hypopyon symptoms, in the anterior chamber, uveitis, endophthalmitis, or a panoftalmitis.
- Eyeball be great, if a tumor has spread widely within the eyeball.
- If there is a tumor necrosis, there will be symptoms of severe sight.
- Greatly decreased visual acuity.
- Painful
- In large tumors, the glass fills the entire cavity of the body so that the body of glass visible lumps yellowish white with veins on it.
Complication of Retinoblastoma
Complications of retinoblastoma among others; rubeosis iridis with glaucoma, lens dislocation into the anterior, uveitis, endophthalmitis, and pseudo inflammation. These symptoms can occur due to inflammation of retinoblastoma that are endophytic growth, and tumor cells escape into the corpus vitreous and anterior chamber and cause inflammation.
Management of Retinoblastoma
Depending on the size and location of the tumor
Small tumors:
- cryotherapy
- laser therapy
- plaque radiotherapy
- thermotherapy
Larger tumors:
- chemotherapy
- radiotherapy
- surgery
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